By David Barnes, MD
Medical Director, Palliative Care; Bridge Home Health & Hospice

When someone is living with a serious illness, the focus of medical care often extends beyond treating the disease itself. Managing symptoms, maintaining comfort, and supporting emotional well-being become just as important. During these times, terms like palliative care and hospice care are often mentioned. While the two share many similarities, they are not the same. Understanding the differences can help patients and families make informed decisions and access the right support at the right time.

Palliative care is specialized medical care for people living with serious or chronic illnesses such as cancer, heart failure, lung disease, or neurological conditions. Its primary goals are to relieve symptoms—like pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, nausea, anxiety, or depression—and to help patients and families better understand and navigate the complex and delicate medical decisions regarding the patient’s chronic illness. Palliative care can be provided at any stage of illness and is used alongside curative or life-prolonging treatments. Patients do not have to stop seeing their current doctors or discontinue other therapies to receive palliative care. This specialized service has been proven to benefit patients’ quality of life, reduce symptom burden, and reduce hospitalizations.

Hospice care, on the other hand, is intended for patients who are nearing the end of life. It is typically offered when a physician determines that a patient is likely in the last six months of life and when the focus shifts away from curative treatment toward comfort-focused care only. Hospice care emphasizes symptom control, emotional and spiritual support, and helping patients remain as comfortable and dignified as possible, often in their own home.

Both palliative care and hospice care use a compassionate, team-based approach. Physicians, advanced practice providers, nurses, social workers, chaplains, and other healthcare professionals work together to address the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients and their families. These teams support not only the patient but also family members and caregivers, helping them navigate difficult conversations, understand care options, and cope with emotional stress.

The key takeaway is this: palliative care is available throughout the course of a serious illness and can be provided alongside curative treatment, while hospice care is specifically designed for individuals nearing the end of life, when comfort becomes the primary goal of care. Understanding the difference can empower patients and families to seek the right kind of care—at the right time—based on their needs, values, and goals.